Dietary Carbohydrate and Protein Levels Affect the Growth Performance of Juvenile Peanut Worm (Sipunculus nudus): An LC–MS-Based Metabolomics Study

The peanut worm ( Sipunculus nudus ) is an economically important fishery resource in China. To determine how dietary carbohydrate and protein levels affect the growth performance of juvenile S. identify mechanisms underlying observed patterns, five isoenergetic isolipidic diets with different were formulated fed to ; experimental groups referred as EG1, EG2, EG3, EG4, EG5, respectively. After 90 days feeding, had significantly lower survival rates when D5 compared other P < 0.05), highest rate was EG2 individuals. weight gain specific higher 0.05). Metabolomic profiling using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed 83 differential metabolites (POS: 59; NEG: 24), which identified via in-house MS2 database. Pathway analysis indicated that involved 22 metabolic pathways 9; 13), including tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; D-glutamate D-glutamine proline arginine aspartate, alanine, glutamate aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. These analyses implied biosynthetic capabilities greater EG2. results this research enhance our understanding effects on .